Here x has two subscripts, v and i, where v is taking on values from 1 to n, and i is taking on values from 1 to k.
Something like x_(1,.) would represent the sum of all of the x values where v=1: x_(1,.) = x_(1,1) + x_(1,2) + x_(1,3) + ... + x_(1,k).
And, something like x_(.,1) would represent the sum of all the x values where i = 1: x_(.,1) = x_(1,1) + x_(2,1) + x_(3,1) + ... + x_(n,1)
ETA: In my writing above, the numbers in the brackets are subscripts of x